Lesson Six







Culture
Learning Objectives:
    In this lesson you will:
  • Discuss the art, literature, philosophy, architecture, and education of Europe during the Middle Ages
  • Explore the changes in government during the Middle Ages

Life was not necessarily boring in the Middle Ages. People found ways to entertain themselves even in the absence of modern technology. People also began to study, create art, and write literature. They built buildings and even designed new forms of government. All this happened because daily life had finally become stable.

Often, to pass long winter nights, people would drink, eat, and sing songs. They would play board games like chess and backgammon. In warm weather, knights would have tournament competitions to show off their skills. The most popular of the competitions was the joust. Two knights, in full armor, would charge at each other at full speed and see who could knock the other off their horse first. Knights had a following much like sports and music stars of today.

Education

Education had fallen by the wayside as the Roman Empire fell. Monks began schools in their monasteries to revitalize learning. Shortly, bishops would set up schools in towns around these cathedrals. These towns would soon become centers for learning.

The first schools were started to teach future monks and priests, but eventually children of nobility could come to classes. Peasants were never permitted. Classes in the cathedrals could last upto ten hours a day. Teachers would beat lazy students. Courses ranged from Latin and religion to arithmetic, astronomy, logic, and rhetoric (writing and speaking correctly). As years passed, more and more courses were added. Soon, the schools became universities.

Interior of Gothic church in Xanten, Germany. Some of the Gothic churches were built over a 100-year period. (ArtToday, Inc.)

 

 

 

 

At Iowa State University Musica Antiqua site you can click on the different instruments used during the Middle Ages to see how the musicians dressed and to hear the sounds the instruments made.